Forms
of Rock Masses 35
Position of Rocks.
--
Declination of Strata 36
Local Declinations
and
unusual Positions of Strata 39
Faults 40
Extent and
Frequency of
Faults 42
Relation of
Faults,
Mineral Veins, Dikes, &c. to the great Lines of disturbed
Rocks 44
Origin of
stratified and
unstratified Rocks 45
Relative
Periods of
disturbed Stratification 49
CHAPTER IV.
SERIES
OF STRATIFIED ROCKS.
053
054
055
056
057
058
059
060
061
062
063
064
065
066
067
068
Sections and Maps of Strata 53
Table of
British
stratified Deposits 54
Varieties of
Stratification 59
Divisional
Structure of
Rocks 62
Geographical
Relations of
Joints 65
Cleavage 67
CHAPTER V.
ORGANIC REMAINS OF
PLANTS
AND ANIMALS.
Table
of their Geological Distribution 73
Fossil
Zoophyta 73
Table
of certain Groups 76
Fossil
Mollusca 77
Table
of proportionate Number of Species at different Geological Periods 80
Table
of proportionate Number of Species in the different Orders or Classes
of Mollusca in different Geological Periods 81
Table
of Genera containing many living Species of Gasteropoda 82
Table
of Genera
containing many Fossil Species of Conchifera 83
Table
of Genera
Cephalopoda 83
Table
of Subgenera
of Ammonites 84
Articulated
Animals 84
Table
of Crustacea 85
Fossil Fishes
86
Agassiz's
Classification of Fishes 88
Table
90
Fossil
Reptiles 91
Von
Meyer's System of Fossil Saurians 93
Fossil Birds
96
Fossil
Mammalia 96
Dideiphys
of Stonesfield 97
Table of Mammalia 99
General Considerations 100
CHAPTER VI.
HISTORICAL
VIEW OF THE STRATIFIED ROCKS IN THE CRUST OF THE EARTH.
107
108
109
110
Introductory Remarks 107
Granitic Basis of
the
Crust of the Earth 108
Granite Veins
109
Metamorphism of
Rocks 110
PRIMARY
SYSTEMS OF STRATA.
SECONDARY SYSTEMS OF STRATA.
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168 169
170
171
172
173 174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182 183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194 195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215 216
217
218
219 220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227 228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
Carboniferous System 151
Particular
Structures 152
Succession of
Strata 154
Organic Remains
of
158
Figures of
ditto 159, 161, 163
Duration of British
Coal
Field 170
General
View of the
Circumstances under which the Carboniferous System was deposited 175
Extent of
British
Coal Fields under superior Strata. -- Disturbances of the Carboniferous System 181
Saliferous, or New
Red
Sandstone System 184
Succession
of Strata 187
Organic Remains
of
187
Tabular View of
ditto 189
Figures of
ditto
190
Origin of Rock Salt
and
Gypsum 195
Oolitic System 199
Series
of Strata 203
Lines of
contemporaneous Deposition 205
Organic
Remains 207
Figures of
ditto
209, 210
General Review
of
216
Cretaceous System 218
Succession
of Strata 221
Organic Remains of
222
Figures of
ditto 223-225
Close of the
Secondary
Period. - Ensuing Disturbances of the Crust of the Globe 229
Reflections
on the Change of Mineral Deposits 230
Succession
of
Organic Life 231
Change of Physical
Condition 232
TERTIARY SYSTEMS OF STRATA.
Views
of M. Adoiphe Brongniart on the Plants 249
M. Deshayes
on the
Mollusca 249
Mr. Lyell's
Classification 251
M. Agassiz on the
Fishes 254
List of
Mammalia
256
Figures of
Fossils
259, 260
Disturbances of the
Tertiary Strata - 261
POST-TERTIARY AND MODERN DEPOSITS.
Erratic
Block Group 267
Ossiferous
Gravel,
Pebbly Clay, and Sand 278
Ossiferous Caves,
and
Fissures 282
General
Table of
Vertebral Remains in Post-Tertiary Accumulations 284
Description
of
Caverns 290
General
Considerations on
" Diluvial" Phenomena 296
Zoological and
Botanical
Character of the " Diluvial" Period 299
Ancient
Marine Deposits 300
Raised
Beaches 300
Change of Level of
Land
adjoining the Baltic 304
Marine Deposits in
Progress 306
Coral
Reefs 306
Mr.
Stutchbury's Views of these 308
Mr. Darwin on Coral
Islands 311
Shell Beds
313
Banks of Sand,
Clay,
Gravel, &c. 315
Ancient Valley
Formatious 317
Rock
Terraces in Valleys 320
Fluviatile
Deposits
322
Waste
of the Earth's Surface 323
Effects of
Rain 324
Effects of
Frost
325
Effects of
Springs
325
Effcts of
Rivers
327
Lakes on the Course
of
Rivers 330
Deep Lakes 331
Shallow
Lakes
333
