Prepared May, 2011
FAMILIAR LECTURES
ON
THE SCIENCE OF LIFE:
AN
Outline of the History of Biology
and its Recent Advances
BY
J. Arthur Thomson
SECOND EDITION
1899
Electronic Edition Copyright © 2011 Dr. David C. Bossard,
19thcenturyscience.org
.
TITLEPAGE
iii
PREFACE
v
vi
CONTENTS
vii
viii
ix
x
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER I. An Outline of the History of Biology.
001
002
003
004
005
006
007
008
009
010
011
CHAPTER II. Classification of Animals.
012
013
014
015
016
017
018
019
CHAPTER III. Classification of Plants.
020
021
022
023
024
025
026
CHAPTER IV. The Study of Structure (Animal Morphology).
027
028
029
030
031
032
033
034
035
036
037
038
CHAPTER V. The Study of Structure (Vegetable Morphology).
039
040
041
042
043
044
045
046
047
048
049
050
CHAPTER VI. Physioogy of Animals.
051
052
053
054
055
056
057
058
059
060
061
062
063
064
065
066
067
068
CHAPTER VII. Physiology of Plants.
069
070
071
072
073
074
075
076
077
078
079
080
081
CHAPTER VIII. The Conditions of Life and Death.
082
083
084
085
086
087
088
089
090
091
092
093
094
095
096
097
098
099
100
CHAPTER IX. Cell and Protoplasm.
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
CHAPTER X. Embryology.
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
CHAPTER XI. Heredity.
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
CHAPTER XII. Palaeontology.
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
CHAPTER XIII. Geographical Distribution.
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
CHAPTER XIV. Bionomics.
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
CHAPTER XV. Psychology of Animals.
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
CHAPTER XVI. Evolution of Evolution Theory.
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
References to Historical Literature.
240
241
242
243
INDEX
244
245
246
Prepared May, 2011
