[101]

Fig. l. Recent Pandanus, of S. America, twenty feet high, with its fruit attached. (Mirbel.)

Fig. 2. Fossil fruit of Podocarya, from the Inferior Oolite, near Charmouth, Dorset. Great part of the surface is covered with a stellated Epicarpium; the points of many seeds project in those parts (e) where the Epicarpium is wanting. (Original.)

Fig. 3. Reverse of Fig. 2. shewing the seeds placed in single cells (b) around the circumference of the fruit. These seeds stand on a congeries of foot-stalks (d) composed of long fibres, which terminate in the re ceptacle. (r) The surface of the receptacle is studded over with small disks, in which these foot-stalks originate. (Original.)

Fig. 4. Base of the same fruit, shewing the transverse section of the receptacle (r), and the summits of many abortive cells on the left side of the receptacle. (Original.)

Fig. 5. A single seed of Podocarya converted to carbonate of lime. Nat. size. (Original.)

Fig. 6. The same magnified. (Original.)

Fig. 7. Transverse section of a seed magnified. Two lunate marks, of a darker colour than the other part, appear near its centre, f'. See Fig. 8. and the middle of Fig. 10. (Original.)

Fig. 8. Magni fled portion of Fig. 3: shewmg a withered [102]

stigma in the centre of each hexagonal tubercle (a); beneath these tubercles is a longitudinal Section of the single cells (b), each containing one seed (f); and in front of these cells are the hollow bases of other cells (c, c) from which seeds have been removed. (Original.)

Fig. 9. Another magnified portion, shewing the apices of many seeds (e) from which the Epicarpium has been removed. (Original.)

Fig. 10. Another magnified portion, shewing at a,b,c, more distinctly the same parts as at Fig. 8 and at d, the upper portion of the fibrous foot-stalks be neath the bases of the cells, c. (Original.)

Fig. 11. Summit of one of the drupes or groups of cells into which the fruit of the recent Pandanus is divided; shewing an hexagonal disposition of the coronary tubercles, each bearing at its centre the remains of a stigma, as in the Podocarya. See Figs. 16. 17. (Original.)

Fig. 12. Exterior of a single seed-cell of Pandanus odoratissimus. (Jaquin. Frag. Bot. Pl. 14.)

Fig. 13. Section of a Drupe of Pandanus odoratisslimus. The central cell containing a seed, is placed between two abortive cells. At the apex of each cell in this drupe (a) is a withered stigma. (Roxborough Coromandel. Pl. 96.)

Figs. 14, 15. Sections of a Drupe of Pandanus odoratissimus, shewing the seeds within the prolific cells surrounded by a hard nut. Beneath this nut is a mass of rigid fibres like those beneath the seeds of Podocarya. (Jaquin.)

Fig. 16. Summit of the hexagonal tubercle at the apex of a cell of Pandanus humilis, with a withered stigma in the centre. (Jaquin. Frag. Bot. Pl. 14.) [103]

Fig. 17. Side view of another tubercle of the same species. (Jaquin. Frag. Bot. Pl. 14.)

* Explanation of Letters of Reference.

a. Stellated tubercles, each one covering the apex of a single seed.
b. Sections of the seed cells.
c. Bases of cells from which seeds have fallen.
d. Fibrous foot-stalks between the seeds and receptacle.
e. Apices of seeds uincovered.
f. Transverse section of seeds.