Acrodus, a genus of fossil sharks, i. 288.

Actinocrinites, 30-dactylus, Miller's restoration of, i. 429.

Adapis, character and Place of, i. 82.

Agassiz, his recognition of the scales of fishes in coprolites, i. 191 ; on causes of the death of fishes, i. 122; on origin of cololites, i. 200; on Glaris turtle, i. 257; his classification of fishes, i. 268; documents consigned to him by Cuvier, i. 267; his new orders of fishes, i. 269, 270; geological results established by, i. 272, 273; his new arrangement of Monte Bolca fishes, i. 285; his discovery of belemnites with ink bags, i. 374; on the bilateral structure of radiated animals, i. 415.

Agnostus, a genus of trilobites, i. 391.

Aichstadt, pterodactyles found at, 1. 221.

Aix, fossil fishes of, i. 285.

Allan, Mr., his paper on Antrim belemnites, i. 377.

Amber, fossil resin from lignite, i. 520.

Amblypterus, fossil genus of fishes, i. 278.
Aminonites, formed by cephalopodous mollusks, i. 333; characteristic of different formations, i. 333; geological distribution of, i. 334; geographical ditto, i. 335; extent and number of species, i. 334; size of, i. 334; sub-genera of, i. 334; shell composed of three parts, i, 336; external shells, i. 337, 338; outer chamber contained the animal, i. 337-339; double functions of shell, i. 338 ; contrivances to strengthen shells, i. 339-344; ribs, architectural disposition of, i. 341 ; transverse Plates, use of their foliated edges, i344-349; compound internal arches, i. 349; siphuncle, organ of hydraulic adjustment, i. 350, 351; siphuncle, occasional state of preservation, i. 351, 352; siphuncle, Placed differently from that of nautili, i. 353 ; siphuncle, Dr. Prout's analysis of, i. 352; air chambers, more complex in ammonites than in nautili, i. 350; ammonites, how different from nautili, 353 ; Von Buch's theory of, i. 352; uses of lobes and saddles in, i. 354; concluding observations upon, i. 355-357; probable Place of heart in, ii. 58.

Anarrhicas, palatal teeth of, i. 281.

Animals, final cause of their creation, i. 101 ; lower classes of, predominate in earlier strata, i. 115; extinct races, how connected with existing species, i. 581 ; causes of their sudden destruction, i. 122; small number adapted for domestication, i. 100; terrestrial, how buried in strata of fresh water and marine formation, i. 128.

Animal enjoyment, one great object of creation, i. 293, 301.

Animal kingdom, four great divisions of, coeval, i. 61; early relations of, i. 87.

Animal life, extent of upon our globe, i. 102; progressive stages of, i. 115; remains of in secondary strata, i. 72.

Animal remains, most instructive evidences in geology, i. 128; preserved chiefly by agency of water, i. 126.

Annelidans, fossil remains of, i. 387.

Anning, Miss, her discovery of ink bag within horny sheath of belemnite, i. 374; her discoveries at Lyme Regis, passim; her observations on connection of lignite with pentacrinites near Lyme, i. 437; her discovery of fossil pens and ink bags of Loligo, i. 304.

Anoplotherium, character and place of, i. 81.

Anstice, Mr. W., his discovery of insects in coal formation, i. 405; megalichthys, &c. found in Coalbrook Dale, by, ii. 43.

Ant eater, humerus like that of megatherium, i, 164.

Anthracotherium, character and place of, i. 82.

Apiocrinites, or pear encrinite, Miller's restoration of, i. 428.

Arachnidans, two great families of, found fossil, i. 405.

Arago, M., on expenditure of rain water, i. 557; on Artesian wells in France, i. 564. [112]

Araucaria, fossil in coal formation, i. 486; peculiarity in structure of, i. 486; fossil trunks near Edinburgh, i. 487 ; fossil in Lias, i. 487 ; localities of living species, i. 488.

Argonauta, its origin still doubtful, i. 313.

Armadillo, habit and distribution of, i. 144 ; fore-foot of, adapted for digging as in the megatherium, i. 154; bony armour resembling that of megatherium, i. 160-162.

Artesian wells, method of obtaining, i. 561, 568; examples of action of, i. 562; where most available, i. 563; cause of rise of water in, i. 564-567; temperature of water in, i. 567; extensive application of, i. 568 ; Chinese manner of boring without rods, i. 568; great importance of, i. 569.

Articulata, earliest examples of, i. 62; remains of fossil, i. 386; four classes in all fossiliferous formations, i. 412; changes in families of, i. 412.

Artois, artificial fountains in, i. 566.

Asaphus, i. 391.

Asaphus caudatus, fossil eyes of i. 398.

Aspidorhynchus, i. 276.

Asterophyllites, abundant in coal, i. 479.

Atmospheric pressure, sudden changes of fatal to fishes, i. 126.

Atmosphere,functions of in circulation of water, i. 557, 570; ancient state of illustrated by eyes of fossil trilobites, i. 402.

Atoms, ever regulated by fixed and uniform laws, i. 11; ultimate, indivisible nature of, i. 576.

Audouin, M., wing of corydalis in iron stone discovered by, ii. 77.

Auvergne, eggs in lacustrine formations of, i. 86; fossil animals found in lacustrine formations of, i. 86; extinct volcanos of, ii 8; indusiæ in fresh water formation of, i. 119.

Axis of rotation, coincides with shorter diameter of the globe, ii. 39.

BABBAGE, Prof., on the obligation of the moralist to the philosopher, i. 591.

Bacon, Lord, his view of the distinct provinces of reason and revelation, i. 589.

Baculite, character and extent of, i. 366.

Baker, Miss, belemnite in her collection, i. 375.

Bakewell, Mr., his views of the extent of animal life, i. 101.

Balistes, spines, action of, i. 291.

Basalt, various phenomena of, ii. 6.

Basins, strata of various ages disposed in form of, i. 527 ; mechanical operations producing, i. 528.

Bat, toes compared with those of pterodactyle, i. 231.

Bears, bones of, in caves of Germany, &c. i. 94; bones of, in caves near Liege, i. 597.

Beaufort, Captain, on bottles sunk in the sea, i. 346.

Beaumont, M. Elie de, elevations observed by, ii. 6.

Beaver, chisel-shaped structure of its incisors, i. 149. [113]

Becquerel, M., on crystals produced under influence of electrical currents i. 552.

Beechy, Captain, ammonites found by, in Chili, i. 336.

Beetles, remains of in oolitic series. ii .78. Beetle, converted to chalcedony from Japan, ii. 78.

Beetle stones, from coal shale, near Edinburgh, i. 199.

Beginning, meaning of the word in Gen. i. 1. i. 19, 21; proofs of in phenomena of primary stratified rocks, i. 53; conclusions respecting necessity of, i. 58 ; existing arid extinct species shewn to have had, i. 53, 55, 59; geological evidences of, i. 585, 586.

Belcher, Captain, his observations on iguanas, i. 243.

Belcher, Captain, ammonites found by, in Chili, i. 336.

Belemnites, geological extent of, i. 371 ; writers on the subject of, i.
371 ; structure and uses of, i. 372; a compound internal shell, i. 372;
chambered portion of, allied to Nati tilus and ()rthoceratite, i. 373; ink bags connected with, i. 373, 374; causes of partial preservation of, i. 377; its analogy to shell of Nautilus and to internal shell of Sepia, i. 378; large number of species of, i. 379.

Belemno-sepia, proposed new family of cephalopods, i. 374.

Bentley, his contradiction of the epicurean theory of atoms, i. 579.

Bermudas, strata formed by the action of the wind in, i. 127.

Becquerel, M., his reduction of metallic ores by electro-chemical apparatus, i. 617.

Berkley, Bishop, on sensible demonstration of the existence of an invisible God, i. 199.

Berthier, pyrogenous crystals made by, i. 599.

Bible, reveals nothing of physical science, i. 14.

Bilin, fossil infusoria found at, i. 610.

Birds, extent of fossil remains of, i. 86; fossil footsteps of, in Connecticut, ii. 39.

Blainville, M., his memoir on belemnites, i. 371; his reasoning respecting belemnites confirmed, i. 375; his proposed account of fossil mammalia found near Simorre, i. 602.

Blomfield, Bishop, on connection of religion and science, i. 587.

Bohemia, Plants preserved in coal mines of, i. 458.

Bonn, brown coal formation near, i. 509.

Botany, its importance to geology, i. 110.

Boué, M., his map of Europe in tertiary period, i. 77.

Bothrodendron, character of, i. 475.

Bowerbank, Mr., his fossil fruits from the London clay, i. 614.

Boyle, Mr., on distinct provinces of natural and revealed religion, i. 589.

Bradford, apiocrinites found at, i. 429. Branchipus, how allied to trilobites, i. 394.

Braun, Professor, of Carlsruhe, his list of the Plants of Œningen, i. 510, et seq.

Brentford, Artesian wells at, i. 564.

Broderip, Mr., his observations on living iguanus, i. 237, 242; on new species of brachiopoda, i. 296; on crustaceans from the lias at Lyme, i. 389.

Brongniart, M. Alexandre, his account of the basin of Paris, i. 76; his history of trilobites, i. 391 ; on erect position of trees in the coal formation of St. Etienne, i. 471.

Brongniart, M. Adolphe, his divisions of submarine vegetation, i. 451; divisions of the fossil equisetaceæ, i. 460; classification of fossil ferns, i. 461 ; observations on fossil coniferæ, i. 484; on Plants of the Grès bigarré, i. 490; on plants of the secondary formations, i. 491; on sigillaria, i. 618.

Brora, coal in oolite formation at, i. 75 491.

Brougham, Lord, on religious end of study of natural philosophy, i. 591.

Brown coal, character and extent of, i. 508.

Brown, Mr. Robert, on distribution of living ferns, i. 463; discovery of gymnospermous structure of coniferæ and cycadeæ, i. 484; his section of a stem of cycas revolata, i. 497; his discoveries of fossil spiral vessels, i. 499, 614; name of podocarya suggested by, i. 504; his discovery of fossil spiral vessels and traces of extravasated gum in fossil cycadites, ii. 100.

Bruckmann, M. Von, his description and application of Artesian wells, i. 565, 567.

Brunel, Mr. jun., his experiment in a diving bell, i. 181.

Brussels, fossil emys at, i. 258

Bückeberg, coal in Wealden formation at, i. 600.

Buckingham, Duke of, plesiosaurus in his collection, i. 203.

Buddle, Mr., his observations on utility of faults, i. 544; his deposit of plans and sections of coal mines in the museum at Newcastle, ii. 104.

Bude, strata of drifted sand at, i. 127.

Buds petrified on trunks of cycadites, i. 500.

Buenos Ayres, megatherium found near, i. 142.

Bufonites, teeth of pycuodonts, i. 281. Burchell, Mr., his observations on the scales of serpents, i. 268.

Burdie House, fossil fishes and plants at, i. 275.

Burnet, his opinion on the Mosaic cosmogony, i 9.

CAITHNESS, fishes in slate of, i. 256.

Calamite, gigantic size and character of, i. 460.

Calymene, i. 391.

Canstadt, Artesian wells at, i. 567.

Cardomom, fossil in I. Sheppey, i. 519.

Cardona, salt in cretaceous formation near, i. 72.

Carlsbad, living infusoria in waters of, i. 610.

Carnivora, numerous in pliocene strata, i. 92.

Carnivorous races, benefit of to herbivorous, i 130, 132. [114]

Causes, five, chiefly instrumental in producing the actual condition of the globe, i. 97.

Cautley, Captain, fossil animals discovered in India by, i. 600.

Caves, remains of animals found in, i. 94.

Cephalopods, carnivorous, their use in submarine economy, i. 300; their extent in different formatIons, i. 300.

Central heat, theory of, consistent with the phenomena of the surface of the globe, i. 40.

Centrina vulgaris, horny dorsal spines, i. 290.

Cestracionts, sub-family of' sharks, i. 287; extent of, i. 287; only living representative of, i. 287.

Cestracion Phillipi, i. 288 ; bony spine of, i. 290.

Cetacea, remains of, in Pliocene strata, i. 92.

Chalk-flints, remains of infusoria discovered in, i. 612.

Chalmers, Dr., his views respecting the Mosaic cosmogony, i.19; considerations of the geological argument in behalf of a Deity, i. 595

Chambered shells, proofs of design in, i. 310; why paiticularly selected, i. 311; delicate hydraulic instruments, i. 311; examples of retrocession in animal structure, i. 312; genera of, allied to nautilus and ammonite, i. 361-370.

Chameleon, cause of change in colour of its skin, i. 604.

Chantrey, Sir Francis, drawing made by, with fossil sepia, i. 305.

Chaos, word borrowed from the Greeks, its meaning vague and indefinite, i. 25.

Cheropotamus, character and place of', i. 82.

Chimera, fossil species discovered by the author, 2, 47.

Chirotherium, footsteps of in Saxony, i. 263; described by Dr. Hohnbaum and Prof. Kaup, i. 264; probably allied to marsupialia, i. 265; accompanied by other tracks, i. 264.

Chlamyphorus, habit and distribution of, i. 144; fore-foot adapted for digging, i. 154; armour of, like that of the Megatherium, i. 159, 160, 162.

Cicero, his argument against the Epicurean theory of atoms, i. 578.

Cinnamomum 'in brown coal near Bonn, i. 509.

Cleremont, limestone of, loaded with indusiæ, i. 119.

Cleveland, imperfect coal in oolite formation of, i. 75, 491.

Climate, heat of, indicated by fossil Plants and animals, i. 88; gradually decreasing temperature of, i. 93.

Clio borealis, swarms of in Northern Ocean, i. 384.

Closeburn, gigantic Orthoceratite found at, i. 365.

Coal formation, Forster's section of, i. 64; iron ore and lime in, i. 65.

Coal, when, where, and how formed, i. 64, 67; its economical value to mankind, i. 66; proofs of its vegetable origin, i. 454, 458; complex history of, i. 481 ; stages in the production and application of, i. 483; tertiary brown coal or lignite, i. 508, et seq.; proofs of design in the dispositions of, i. 524; grand supply from strata of the carboniferous order,i. 524; physical forces employed to render it accessible to man, i. 525,528; advantage of its disposition in basins, i. 526, 527; thickness of beds of, i. 529; remarkable accumulation of, i. 529; associated with iron ore, i. 529, 530; adaptation to purposes of human industry, i. 531; inestimable importance of, i. 534; mechanical power derived from, i. 531-535; improvident and gratuitous destruction of near Newcastle, i. 536; early adaptation of to the uses of man, 537.

Collini, pterodactyle figured by, i. 223.

Cololites, fossil intestines of fishes discovered by Prof. Agassiz, i. 200; found by Lord Greenock in coal, near Edinburgh, i. 199.

Comatula, habits of, and resemblance to pentacrinite, i. 418, 433.

Combe, definition of the term, ii. 106.

Conchifers, inferior to mollusks that construct turbinated shells, i. 296 ; organs of sight possessed by, i. 605.

Conchology, important to geology, i. 110.

Connecticut, fossil footsteps of birds in, ii. 39.

Conybeare, Rev. W. D., his sections across England, i. 4; his report on geology to British Association, i. 51; his memoir and map of Europe, i. 77; on prospective provisions for the benefit of man, i. 100; selections from his Plates of ichthyosauri, i. 176; his observations on the lower jaw of ichthyosaurus, i. 177; on the articulation [115] of the vertehræ in ichthyosaurus, i. 179; his remarks on the paddles of ichthyosaurus, i. 184; his restoration of plesiosaurus, i. 204; his inferences concerning plesiosaurus, i. 211, 214; his observations on faults, 542.

Coniferæ, date of their commencement, i. 488; microscopic structure of, i. 484; peculiarities in structure of, i. 486; geological extent of, i. 485, 489; fossil referrible to existing genera, i. 488; fossil stems in erect position, i. 489; wood of, perforated by teredines, i. 480.

Consolidation of strata, partly by aqueous, part.ly by igneous action, i. 65.

Coprolites, description of, i. 188; extensive occurrence of, i. 189; found in skeletons of ichthyosauri, i. 190; marks of mucous membrane on, i. 194; formation explained, note, 194; indicate the food of ichthyosauri, and character of their intestinal canal, i. 197; derived from fishes in various formations, i. 198; polished for ornamental purposes, i. 199; conclusions from discovery of, i. 202; in coal formation near Edinburgh, i. 275; preserved in body of macropoma, i. 284.

Coral, secreted by polypes, i. 442; reefs, i. 444; their influence in the formation of strata, i. 445; fossil, inference from their state, i. 116; rag. extent of, in counties of Oxon, Bucks, Wilts, and Yorkshire, i. 445.

Corn-cockle muir, tracks of tortoises at, i. 259.

Cornwall, amount of steam power employed in, i. 534; invasions of by drifted sand, i. 127; disposition of metallic veins in, i. 550.

Corydalis, wing of, found in iron stone, of the coal formation, i. 410; ii. 77.

Cosmogony, Mosaic, the author's interpretation of, i. 20.

Cotta on fossil arborescent ferns, i. 465.

Crag, in Norfolk, geological place of, i. 179.

Craters, various phenomena of, ii. 8.

Creation, Mosaic account of, accords with natural phenomena, i. 13 ; prior to first day of Mosaic cosmogony, i. 24, 597; of material elements, i.35.

Creator, necessity of, shewn by geology, i. 59.

Crinoideans, geological importance of, i. 416, 430; nature and character of, i. 417; most remarkable genera of, i. 417 ; living species rare, 1. 418; abundance and importance of fossil species, i. 419, 430; anatomical structure of, i. 420; reproductive powers of, i. 421 ; early extinction of many species and genera, i. 430.

Crocodileans, fossil forms of, i. 249; slender character of snout, i. 250; habit probably piscivorous, i. 250.

Crocodiles, modern, habits of, i. 250; gavial, gangetic, piscivorous, i. 250; functions of fossil species, i. 251; Cuvier 's observations on, i. 252; number of living and fossil species of, i. 252; dentition, provisions in mode of, i. 254 ; fossil forms of, at variance with all theories of gradual transmutation or developement, i. 254.

Crosse, Mr., artificial crystals made by i. 599.

Crustaceans, extent of fossil remains of, i. 387.

Crystalline rocks, influenced by chemical and electro-magnetic forces, i. 36; eight distinct varieties of, i. 37 ; their position beneath stratified rocks, i. 42; probable igneous origin of, i. 39; gradations in character of, i. 41; proofs of intention in phenomena of, i. 45; proofs of design afforded by, i. 574.

Crystals, definite forms and composition of, i. 575-577; component molecules of, i. 574, 577 ; artificial, obtained in the humid way, i. 599.

Ctenoidean order of fishes, i. 270.

Curculionidæ in iron stone of Coalbrook Dale, i. 409.

Cuttle fish, structure and habits of, i. 303; internal ink bag of, i. 303.

Cuvier, his conclusion that organic life has not existed from eternity, i. 59; his account of the basin of Paris, i. 76; his account of discoveries at Mont Martre, i. 83; consigns his materials for a work on fossil fishes to M. Agassiz, i. 200, 267; his conjecture concerning Plesiosaurus, i. 208; had observed nearly 8,000 species of living fishes, i. 265; perfection of his reasoning on contrivances and compensations in the structure of animals, i. 140.

Cycadeæ, abundant in strata of [116] the secondary series, i. 490, 491; number and extent of recent and fossil species, i. 491 ; leaves fossil in oolite of Yorkshire and at Stonesfield, i. 492; in coal formation of Bohemia, i. 492; habit and structure of, i. 492; intermediate character of, i. 493; fossil on the coast of Dorset, i. 494; peculiarities in structure of trunk of, i. 494, 496; mode of increase by buds, i. 499; link supplied by the discovery of, i. 502.

Cycadites, once natives of England, i. 495; mycrophyllus, microscopic structure of, 497-541 ; megalophyllus, buds in axi1læ of scales, i. 500; resemblance of fossil and living species, i. 501.

Cycas revoluta, buds on trunk of, i. 499; circinalis, height of, i. 494.

Cycloidean order of fishes, i. 270.

Cypris, microscopic shells of, in Wealden formation, i. 118; in coal formation near Edinburgh , i. 275.

DAPEDIUM, scales of, i. 282.

D'Alton, his figures of megatherium, i. 142.

Darmstadt, remains of mammalia in museum at, i. 91.

Darwin, Mr.C., megatherium found by, ii. 20; his observations on the Cordilleras of Chili, i. 549; new fossil animals found in S. America by, i. 603.

Dasyurus, fossil, in Auvergne, i. 618.

Daubeny, Dr., on cause of thermal springs, i. 570; on indivisibility of ultimate particles of matter, i. 576.

Days, supposed to imply long periods, i. 17.

Dax, shells found at, i. 357.

Death, certain, desirable for irrational animals, i. 130.

Dekay, Dr., discovered coprolites in New Jersey, i. 190.

De la Beche, his belief in successive creations of new species, i. 55; his figures of ichthyosauri, i. 176; on different specific gravity of shells, i. 302; observations on living polypes of caryophyllia, i. 444; observations on genera of corals in transition rocks, i. 445.

Deluge, Mosaic stratified rocks not produced by, i. 16.

Depression, proofs of in I. Portland, i. 496.

Deshayes, his division of tertiary strata, i. 78.

Desnoyers, M., on Faluns of Tourraine, i. 90.

Desmarets, memoir on fossil crustaceans, i. 388.

Detritus, origin of strata from, i. 42.

Development, theory of disproved by geological phenomena, i. 54; theory of opposed by Cuvier, i. 87; definition of, i. 585.

Dillwyn, Mr., his paper on trachelipods, 298, 301.

Diluvium, animals immediately preceding the formation of, i. 95.

Dinotherium, largest of terrestrial mammalia, i. 92; found at Epplesheim, in miocene strata, i. 135, 136; description of by Kaup, i. 136, 603; occurs in France, Bavaria and Austria, i. 136, 601 ; giganteum, eighteen feet long, i. 136; shoulder blade of, like that of a mole, i. 136; uses of tusks in the lower jaw of, i. 138; molar teeth of resemble those of tapirs, i. 137; an aquatic herbivorous animal, i. 137, 139; adapted to a lacustiine condition of the earth, i. 139; fossil head of found entire, i. 603, Pl. 2'; localities and description of, ii. 18; proboscis and claws of, ii. 19.

Dirt bed, soil of subterraneous forest in Portland, i. 495, 496, 613.

Disturbing forces, beneficial results of, i. 539_541, 548.

D'Orbigny, M., his classification of cephalopodous mollusks, i. 382; trilobites and shells found in the Andes by, i. 389.

Draco volans, has no true wings, i. 225.

Dufrénoy, on iron mines in the Pyrenees, i. 549.

Dujardin, new class of rhizopodes discovered by, ii. 64.

Dumfries, fossil footsteps near, i. 259.

Duncan, Dr., his discovery of fossil footsteps near Dumfries, i. 259.

Durdham Down, remains of reptiles at, i. 115.

Durham, salt springs in coal formation near, i. 72.

Dykes, intersect strata of every age, i. 48; gradations of from lava to granite, i. 48; various crystalline rocks composing, ii. 5; changes produced by, on adjacent iocks, ii. 9.

Dynamics, geological, extent of, i. 36. [117]

EARTH, distribution of the materials of, i. 5; theory of, much advanced, but not yet perfect, i. 12; two distinct branches of its history, i. 34; originally fluid from heat, i. 39; advantageous dispositions of its materials, i. 98.

Earthquakes, beneficial agency of in the economy of the globe, i. 540.

Echidna, has furcula and clavicles like ornithorhynchus, i. 182.

Echnidans, geological extent of, i. 415.

Echinoderms, fossil, bilateral structure of, i. 415.

Edwards, Dr. Milne, cause of change in colour of chameleon's skin discovered by, i. 604.

Egerton, Sir Philip, his discoveries near Newcastle-under-Line, i. 276; on mechanism of atlas and cervical vertebræ of ichthyosaurus, ii. 24-26.

Eggs, fossil, of aquatic birds, i. 86.

Ehrenberg, his discoveries of living infusoria, i. 446, 448; eye-specks in asterias discovered by, i. 606; his extensive discoveries of fossil infusoria, i. 610.

Elements, identity and functions of, i. 36; proofs of design in, i. 571; ever regulated by same laws, i. 577; primordial adaptations of, i. 578;
adaptation of to vegetables and animals, i. 579.

Elevation, general history of, ii. 4; dry lands formed by, i. 43; proofs of in I. Portland, i. 495, 496.

Elevations, number observed by Elie de Beaumont, ii. 6; various periods of, ii. 6.

Ellis, Mr., his conclusions from the study of corallines, i. 448.

Emys, fossil, localities of, i, 257, 258.

Eucrinites moniliformis, lily encrinite, i. 421 ; mechanical adaptations in, i. 421 ; number of component ossicula, i. 422; vertebral column, mechanical contrivances in, i. 423-426; body and upper extremities, i. 427, 428; physiological history of, i. 431. Endogenites echinatus, fossil trunk allied to palms, i. 516.

Engi in Glaris, fishes of, i. 284.

England, effects of geological structure on inhabitants of, ii. 3.

Enjoyment, aggregate of increased by existence of carnivora, i. 129.

Enstone, cetacea in oolite at, i. 115.

Entomolithus paradoxus, i. 391
 

Entomostracans, fossil, i. 390.

Entrochi, or wheel stones, columnar joints of encrinite, i. 424.

Eocene, division of tertiary strata, i. 78. Epplesheim, remains of fossil mammalia found at, i. 91, 136; entire head of dinotherium found at, i. 603.

Equisetaceæ, extent of the family of, i. 460; fossil genera of, i. 460; increased enlargement in size of, i. 461; fossil species in coal formation, i. 461.

Equivocal generation, disproved in case of infusoria, i. 447.

Ernouf, General, his account of human skeletons at Gaudaloupe, i. 104.

Estuaries, admixture of fresh water and marine exuvia in, i. 120.

Eternal succession, theory of, disproved by geology, i. 54, 59.

Eternity of the world disproved by geology, i. 11.

Eyes, fossil, resembling those of existing animals, i. 31; fossil remains of, i. 31; 173, 396, 402; structure of, in recent crustaceans allied to trilobites, i. 399; physiological and physical inferences from structure~ of, i. 401.

FABER, Rev. G. S., his views respecting the days of the Mosaic cosmogony, 597.

Faluns, of Tourraine, mammalia found in, i. 90.

Falconer, Dr., fossil animals discovered in India by, i. 600.

Faraday, Mr., notice on preparing the human lungs for diving, i. 180.

Faujas,M., observation on fossil trees in lignite near Cologne, i. 509.

Faults, on geometrical laws of, i. 540; utility of, in draining coal mines, i. 541-544; definition of, by Mr. Conybeare, i. 542; utility of', in guarding coal mines, i. 547; utility of, in producing springs, i. 545, 560, 569; utility of, in primary rocks and metallic veins, i. 545, 546.

Favularia, character of, i. 475.

Felspar, crystals of, pyrochemically formed, i. 598.

Ferns, distribution and number of existing species, i. 462 ; proportion of, to living phanerogamiæ, i. 463; ternperature indicated by fossil species, i. 463; proportions of in the coal formation, i. 464; living and fossil aborescent species of, i. 464, 565; proportions of in secondary and tertiary strata, i. 465. [118]

Final causes, consideration of, admissible in philosophical investigations, i. 547.

Fire,its rank in geological dynamics,i.36.

Fisher, Mr., figures prepared by, ii. 2.

Fishes, fossil, causes of sudden death of, i. 122; sudden destruction of in lias formation, i. 124 ; fossil intestinal structure of, i. 198 ; croprolites derived from, i. 198; petrified intestines of, or cololites, i. 200; living species observed by Cuvier, i. 265; fossil species, history of by Agassiz, i. 264, 267; numbers of fossil genera and species, i. 267; classification founded on scales, i. 268; orders of established by Agassiz, i. 269; geological results derived from fossil fishes, i. 270, 272; changes in fossil genera and families abrupt, i. 271 ; fossil, most important to geology, i. 267, 273; sauroid, character of, i. 273; sauroid, higher in the scale of organization than ordinary bony fishes, i. 294; number of genera in sauroid family, 274; sauroid, character of living species, i,274; sauroid geological extent of, i. 275-277; in strata of the carboniferous order, i. 278 ; peculiar form of tail in early strata, i. 279; in magnesian limestone, i. 280; in muschel kalk, lias and oolite, i. 281 ; in the chalk formation, i. 283; in the tertiary formations, i. 284 ; family of sharks, i. 286; results from observations on, i. 292; functions of, in the economy of nature, i. 293; form of their crystalline lens, i. 398.

Fissures, site of mineral veins in, i. 548.

Fitton, Dr., on alterations in level of sea and land, i. 43; his observations on Cypris Faba, in Wealden formation, i. 118; his description of fossil cones, i. 485; trunks of cycadites discovered by, i. 614.

Fitzwilliam, Earl, cycas revoluta in conservatory of, i. 500 ; trunks of sigillaria in his coal mines of at Elsecar, i. 470.

Fleming, Dr., on structure of internal shell of sepia, ii. 68; his observations on fishes in old red sandstone, i. 277.

Flints, origin of, i. 90.

Flucan, beneficial effects of in mining, i. 546.

Fluidity, original, theory of, i. 40. Footsteps, fossil, near Dumfries, i. 259; preservation of explained, i. 260; on red sandstone at Hessberg, i. 263 value of their evidence, i. 262 ; reflections on, i. 263; on oolite, near Bath, probably of crustaceans, i. 260; recent, of testudo græca, i. 261.

Foraminifers, species of found by Count Munster, and Mr. Lonsdale, U. 64; found in crag by Mr. Wood, i. 613.

Forest, subterranean, remains of in Portland, i. 495, 496.

Formations, geological number and thickness of, i. 37.

Forster, Mr., his section from New castle to Cross Fell, i. 64; on quantity of iron annually made in England and Wales, i. 530.

Fox, Mr. U. W., on the utility of faults that intersect metallic veins, i. 546; on electro-magnetic properties of mineral veins, i. 552, and vol. ii. p. 108; on electro-magnetic action in mineral veins, ii. 107-109 ; his electro-chemical experiments on Copper ores, i. 615; his electro~magnetic experiments in mines, i. 616.

Freshwater, deposits from, in tertiary strata, i. 79.

Fries, on propagation of fungi, i. 417.

Frogs, fossil, in Papier kohle, i. 618.

Fruits, number and kinds of, found fossil in London clay, i. 614.

Fucoids, remains of in transition strata, i. 63, 452.

Fulham, Artesian wells at, i. 564.

Fusion, earliest state of the materials of the globe, i. 55.

GAILLONELLA, size of siliceous shields of, i. 611.

Gallibis, skeletons of, at Guadaloupe, i. 104.

Ganoidian, order of fishes, i. 269.

Gardner, Mr., his power of drawing curves and parallels at minute distances, i. 604.

Genesis, ungrounded fear of inconsistence with, i. 11; interpretation of Chap. I. consistent with geological discoveries, i. 21; text of, reconcilable with geology, i. 33.

Geology, extent of province of, i. 5; why but lately established on induction, i. 6; sciences auxiliary to it, i. 7; its discoveries consistent with revelation, i. 8; religious application of, i. 592; subserviency of to natural theology, 593 ; proofs , the existence and attributes of a Deity, i. 594.

Georgensgemünd, fossil mammalia discovered at, i. 91. [119]
 

Gerard, Dr., his discovery of ammonites, &c. in Himmalaya, i. 335.

Glaris, turtle in slate of, i. 257 ; fossil fishes at, i. 266, 273.

Gleg, Bishop, his interpretation of Mosaic cosmogony, i. 28-30.

Globe, successive changes in surface of, i. 11; influence of animal remains upon, i.. 445; succession of physical forces which have modified its surface, i. 581.

Golden Cap Hill, belemnites at base of, i. 377.

Goldfuss, Professor, pterodactyles described by, i. 224, 228, 229; selections of the structure of encrinites from works of, 426; his illustrations of echinidans and stelleridans, i. 415.

Graham Island, rise and destruction of, ii. 8.

Grampus, size and character of, i. 217. Granite, recent elevation of, in Pyrenees and Chili, i. 549; probable igneous origin of, ii. 3; intersecting and overlying cretaceous formations, ii. 5; older intersected by newer, ii. 4; elevation of during tertiary period, ii. 4; fragments of, inclosed iii lava, ii. 7.

Gravatt, Mr., his experiments in diving, i. 180.

Graveneire, stream of lava issuing from granite at, ii. 8.

Greenock, Lord, his discovery of fishes near Leith, i. 278; his discovery of petrified intestines of a fish in coal, near Edinburgh, i. 199.

Greenstone, veins and overlying masses of, ii. 5.

Grenville, Lord, cycas in conservatory of, i. 493.

Guadauloupe, human skeletons in sand bank at, i. 104.

Gyrodus, palatal teeth of, i. 281.
 

HALL, Sir James, his experiments on crystallization under pressure, i. 41, 598.

Halstadt, orthoceratite, found in oolite at, i. 363.

Hamite,character and locality of, i. 367.

Hand, human, exquisite powers of, i. 604.

Harlan, Dr., on fossil fucoids in North America, i. 452.

Harwich, fossil emys at, i. 258.

Haüy, his theological inference from the construction of simple minerals, i. 576.

Hawkins, Mr., his memoirs of ichthyosauri and Plesiosauri, i. 170; Plesiosaurus discovered by, i. 204.

Heat, influence of, in causing elevations of land, i. 42; not the sole cause of the consolidation of stratified rocks, i. 56.

Henderson, on Plants in Surturbrand of Iceland, i. 510.

Henslow, Professor, on buds of cycas revoluta, i. 500; dirt beds in Portland discovered by, i. 614.:

Héricart de Thury, illustrations of Artesian wells by, i. 562, 465.

Herschel, Sir I. F. W., ranks geology next to astronomy, i. 10; on connection between science and religion, i. 590.

Hessberg, footsteps in sandstone at, i. 263.

Hibbert, Dr., his discoveries near Edinburg, i. 275, 276.

Hippopotamus, structure of tusks of, i. 149.

Hitchcock, Professor, his discovery footsteps of birds in Connecticut, i. 86; ditto, ii. 39, 40; on geological evidences of a Creator, i. 586; consistency of geological phenomea with Mosaic account of creation, i. 587.

Hoer in Scania, coal in secondary strata of, i. 491.

Hoffmann, Professor, on source of mineral waters at Pyrmont, i. 570.

Home, Sir Everard, on spinal canal of ichthyosaurus, i. 179.

Hook, Dr., his theory respecting the motions of nautilus, i. 331.

Hopkins, Mr., on laws that have regulated the disturbances of the globe, i. 540; on production of springs by faults, i. 560.

Human bones, found in no geological formations preceding the actual era, i. 103; often interred in caves containing remains of more ancient animals, i. 105; found in consolidated sand at Gaudaloupe, i. 104; how mixed with bones of ancient and modern quadrupeds, i. 105; in caverns near Liege, i. 602.

Hutton,Dr. ,his theory of the formation of stratified rocks, i. 44; of veins, i. 551.

Hutton, Mr., his discoveries of vegetable structure in coal, i. 455.

Hybodonts, extent of, i. 287, 288.

Hybodus, i. 283.
Hybodus reticulatus, i. 289. Hydraulic action of siphuncle in [120] nautilus, i. 326; ditto in ammonites, i. 351 ; ditto in belemnites, i. 381.

Hyenas, bones collected by, in caverns,  i. 381.

Hylæosaurus discovered by Mr. Mantell, i. 241 ; peculiar character of, i.
241.

Hythe, large hamite found at, i. 368.

Icthyodorulites, or fossil spines ,i.288; uses and variety of, i. 290.

Ichthyosaurus, geological extent and chief localities of, i. 168 ; curious structure of, i. 169; number of species, i. 169; head partaking of the character of crocodiles and lizards, i. 171 ; jaw, length of, i. 171; teeth, character and number of, i. 171; how differing from crocodiles, i. 171; contrivances for replacing, i. 172; eyes, magnitude of, i. 173; eyes, microscopic and telescopic properties of, i. 173; eyes, bony sclerotic of, i. 174, 175; jaws, composed of many thin plates, i. 175; jaw, lower, contrivances in, i. 176, 177; vertebræ, number of, i. 177; vertebræ constructed like those of fishes, i. 178; ribs structure of, and to what purpose subservient, i. 180; sternum like that of ornithorhynchus, i. 181; paddles, anterior, like those of whales; posterior, like those of ornithorhynchus, i. 182, 183; concluding remarks upon, i. 185, 186; intestinal structure of, i. 187; skeleton of, containing cropolite, i. 191; small intestines spiral, like that of sharks and rays, i. 193; final cause of spiral intestinal structure, i. 195; skin of preserved, ii. 22; mechanism of atlas and cervical vertebræ of, ii. 24-26.

Igneous rocks, various phenomena of, ii. 5-9.

Iguana, modern, habits of, i. 242; dentition of, i. 248.

Iguanodon, discovered by Mr. Mantell,  i. 240; remains of, where found, i. 241 ; a gigantic herbivorous reptile,  i. 241 ; teeth like those of the modern Iguana, i. 241 ; the largest of known fossil reptiles, i. 241, 244; climate indicated by remains of, i. 243; teeth, peculiar character of, i. 245-248; bony horn on the nose of, i. 244; food of, probably tough vegetables,  i. 246.

Indusiæ, fossil, in fresh water formation of Auvergne,  i. 11 94.

Hylæosaurus discovered by Mr. Mantell, i. 241 ; peculiar character of, i.
241.

Hythe, large hamite found at, i. 368.

Icthyodorulites, or fossil spines ,i.288; uses and variety of, i. 290.

Ichthyosaurus, geological extent and chief localities of, i. 168 ; curious structure of, i. 169; number of species, i. 169; head partaking of the character of crocodiles and lizards, i. 171 ; jaw, length of, i. 171; teeth, character and number of, i. 171; how differing from crocodiles, i. 171; contrivances for replacing, i. 172; eyes, magnitude of, i. 173; eyes, microscopic and telescopic properties of, i. 173; eyes, bony sclerotic of, i. 174, 175; jaws, composed of many thin plates, i. 175; jaw, lower, contrivances in, i. 176, 177; vertebræ, number of, i. 177; vertebræ constructed like those of fishes, i. 178; ribs structure of, and to what purpose subservient, i. 180; sternum like that of ornithorhynchus, i. 181; paddles, anterior, like those of whales; posterior, like those of ornithorhynchus, i. 182, 183; concluding remarks upon, i. 185, 186; intestinal structure of, i. 187; skeleton of, containing cropolite, i. 191; small intestines spiral, like that of sharks and rays, i. 193; final cause of spiral intestinal structure, i. 195; skin of preserved, ii. 22; mechanism of atlas and cervical vertebræ of, ii. 24-26.

Igneous rocks, various phenomena of, ii. 5-9.

Iguana, modern, habits of, i. 242; dentition of, i. 248.

Iguanodon, discovered by Mr. Mantell,  i. 240; remains of, where found, i. 241 ; a gigantic herbivorous reptile,  i. 241 ; teeth like those of the modern Iguana, i. 241 ; the largest of known fossil reptiles, i. 241, 244; climate indicated by remains of, i. 243; teeth, peculiar character of, i. 245-248; bony horn on the nose of, i. 244; food of, probably tough vegetables,  i. 246.

Indusiæ, fossil, in fresh water formation of Auvergne,  i. 118.

Infusoria, Ehrenberg's observations on, i. 446-448; number of species described, i. 446; their powers of reproduction, i. 446; their manners of increase, i. 447; universal diffusion of, i. 448; known extent of living and fossil species, i. 610-612.

Injection of igneous rocks at various periods, ii. 6.

Inkbags,recent and fossil of Ioligo, i. 303.

Insects, fossil in carboniferous strata, 409; wing covers of, at Stonesfield, i. 411 ; Count Munster's collection of from Solenhofen, i. 411 ; many fossil genera in tertiary strata, i. 412; found at Aix by Mr. Murchison and Mr. Lyell, i. 610.

Iron, ore abundant in coal formation, i. 65; quantity of, annually made in England and Wales, i. 530; secreted by living infusoria, i. 611.

Isle of Wight, iguanodon found in, i. 242.

Jæger, Professor, has found coprolites in Wirtembeing, i. 190; his work on fossil Plants, i. 490.

Jardine, Sir W., fossil footmarks found by, i. 259.

Juli, supposed fir cones, are coprolites, i. 198.

Kaup, Professor, notice on the foosteps of chirotherium i. 264; his description of fossil mammalia at Epplesheim, i. 91; his description of dinotherium, i. 136, 603.

Kersten, Professor, his discovery ot pyrogenous crystals of felspar, i. 598.

Kepler, his prayer, i. 10.

Killery, cemetery in a sand bank at, i. 104.

King, Captain, animal of spirula found by, i. 362; serolis found by, i. 392.

König, Mr., his account of human skeleton in British Museum, from Guadaloupe, i. 104.

LAMANTIN, remains of, in Pliocene periods, indicate a warm climate, i. 92

Lamarck, his two sections of trachelipods, i. 298; on geological effects of microscopic shells, i. 385; his notice of suckers of encrinus, i. 440; theory of transmutation associated with development by, i. 585.

Lartet, M., animals at Simorre des ribed by, i. 601. [121]

Lavas, phenomena of, i. 7.

Lead, artificial crystals of, produced by steam of water, i. 551.

Leeds, fine heads of megalichthys at, i. 276.

Leibnitz, his anticipation of the modern Platonic theory, i. 51.

Lepidodendron, character and relations of this fossil genus, i. 466; allied to lycopodiacæ, i. 466; size and character of, i. 467; number of known species, i. 468; intermediate internal structure of, i. 468.

Lepidoids, thick bony scales of, i. 282.

Lepidosteus, or bony pike, i. 274.

Lepidotus, i. 283.

Level, changes of by volcanic agency, i. 88.

Lhwyd, on insects and spiders in coal shale, i. 406.

Lias, proof of intervals in deposition of, i. 307.

Libanus, fishes of tertiary era at, i. 285.

Liblar, brown coal of, 509.

Liége, bones of men and hyarnas in caverns near. i. 106, 602.

Life organic, successive stages of, i. 54; organic has not existed from eternity, i. 58, 59.

Light, essential to the growth of ancient vegetables, i. 31; undulatory theory compared with Genesis, i. 3, i. 32; history of illustrated by fossil eyes, i. 402, 173.

Lignite, tertiary, localities of, i. 508, 509, 510; memoir on, by M. Alex- andre Brongniart, i. 508.

Limestone, origin of, i. 89; combinations in crystals of, i. 576, 577; freshwater, found at Ardwick, i. 600.

Limulus, in iron stone of coal formation, ii. 77; allied to trilobite, i. 393; where found fossil, i. 393.

Lindley, Professor, his observations on existing lycopodiacæ, i. 456; experiments on the durability of recent Plants immersed in water, i. 480.

Lindley and Hutton, their description of Plants in coal mines at, Newcastle, i. 547; observations on lepidodendron, i. 467, 468; recent discoveries of stigmaria, i. 476; on fossil cones of zamia from I. Wight, i. 492.

Links supplied by fossil remains, i. 88, 601 ; discovery of, important to Natural Theology, i. 114.

Lituite, locality and character of, i. 365.

Locke, his notice of spiral intestines at

Leyden, i. 196; his opinion of the necessity of a revelation, i. 598.

Loligo, vulgaris, structure and habits of, i. 303; fossil pens and ink bags of, i. 303, 304; horny pen of, preserved in lias, i. 304; destroyed and buried suddenly, i. 307; found in the lias of Wurtemberg, i. 308.

London, Artesian wells near, i. 563, 564.

Lonsdale, Mr., his discovery of microscopic shells in chalk, i. 448. ii. 64.

Lophiodon, character and place of, i. 82.

Louth, Artesian wells near, i. 563.

Lowestoffe, irruption of sea into lake of, i. 122.

Ludlow, fossil remains of fishes found at, i. 604.

Lulworth, subterranean forest near, i. 495.

Luminaries, celestial, described in their relations to our planet, i. 27.

Lukis, Mr, experiments on changes in the stems of succulent plants, i. 484.

Luther, his opinion of an act of creation prior to the first day, i. 25, 598.

Lycopodiaceæ, character, affinities, and distribution of, i. 466.

Lyell, Mr., his refutation of the doctrine of transmutation of species, i. 54 ; his map of Europe in the tertiary period, i. 77; his division of the tertiary series, i. 78; on fossil indusiæ, i. 119; insects found at Aix by, i. 610.

Lyon, Captain, on the action of the wind in forming sand hills round extraneous bodies in Africa, i. 126.

Lyme Regis, icthyosauri found at, i. 168; specimens from described, i. 170; coprolites abundant on the shore of, 188; plesiosaurus discovered at, i. 203; pterodactyle found at, 221, 223, 226; bones of large sauroid fishes found at, 276; fossil pens and ink bags found at, i. 305; fossil ink bags found at, i. 373.

MACROPOMA, only sauroid fish in chalk, i. 284, 276.

Madrid, skeleton of megatherium at, i. 142.

Maestricht, locality of most recent belemnites, i. 371.

Mallotus villosus, i. 272.

Mammalia, earliest remains of, i. 72 of eocene period, i. 81; of miocene period, i. 90 ; of phiocene periods, i. 92. [122]

Man, relation of the earth to the uses of, i. 98; all things not created exclusively for his use, i. 99; prospective provisions for use of, i. 555.

Mansfeld, fossil fishes at, i. 266.

Mansfeldt, fossil fishes of, i. 125.

Mantell, Mr, on double convex vertebra of gavial, ii. 26; fossil birds found by him in Tilgate Forest, i. 86; his history of the Wealden formation, i. 120; refers juli to coprolites derived from fossil sharks, i. 198 ; mosasaurus found by, in Sussex, i. 216; megalosaurus found by, in Tilgate Forest, i. 234; his discovery of iguanodon and hylæosaurus, i. 241; his discovery of petrified stomach and coprolites within fossil fishes, i. 284.

Mantellia, genus of cycadites, named by Ad. Brongniart, i. 496.

Marble, entrochal, composed of crinoidea, i. 430.

Marcel de Serres, his discovery of fossil insects at Aix, i. 412.

Margate, gigantic ammonites near, i. 334.

Marsh ochre, remains of infusoria found in, i. 611.

Marsupialia, extent and character of, i. 73; fossil, in Auvergne, i. 618.

Massey's patent sounding instrument, i. 345, 349.

Matter, creation of, announced in Gen. i. 1, i. 28 ; molecular constitution and adaptations of, decidedly artificial, i. 579; aboriginal constitution of, exalts our ideas of creative intelligence, i. 580.

Medusæ, numbers of in Greenland seas, i. 384.

Megalichthys, new genus of sauroid fishes, i. 275; localities where found, i. 276; further discoveries of, ii. 43;

structure of teeth of, ii. 44.

Megalosaurus, genus established by the author, i. 234; where occurring, i. 234; size and character of, i. 235; lived upon land, i. 235; medullary cavities in bones of, i. 236; habit carnivorous, i. 237; character of jaw, i. 237; structure of teeth, i. 237-239.

Megaphyton, character of, i. 475.

Megatherium, allied to the sloth, i. 141 ; allied to sloth, armadillo, and chlamyphorus, i. 144; found chiefly in S. America, i. 142; by whom described, i. 142; larger than rhinoceros, i. 144; head of, like sloth, i. 145; structure of teeth, i. 146, 149; lower jaw of, i. 149; bones of trunk, i. 150; peculiarities of vertebræ, I. 150; magnitude and use of tail, i. 151; ribs apparently fitted to support a cuirass, i. 152; scapula, resembling sloth, i. 152 ; uses of clavicle, i. 152; peculiarities of arm and fore arm, i.154; fore foot, a yard in length, i. 154; fore foot, used for digging, i. 154; large horny claws, adapted for digging, i. 155; peculiarities of pelvis, i. 155; magnitude of foramina for nerves, i. 156; peculiarities of thigh and leg bones, i. 157 ; hind foot, peculiarities of, i. 158; bony armour, like that of armadillo and chlamyphorus, i. 159 ; probable use of, i. 161 ; size, character, and habits, i. 163; further discoveries of, ii. 20.

Meisner, lignite of, near Cassel, i. 509.

Metals, advantageous dispositions of, i. 99, 552-555; important properties of, i. 555, 556.

Meyer, Herman Von, notice of ink bags with fossil internal shells of sepia, ii. 52; on ink bag in contact with belemnite, ii. 69; his description of fossil mammalia of Georgens gemünd, i. 91; his notices of fossil crustaceans, i. 388.

Mineral bodies, proofs of design in, i. 571.

Milan, bones in museum at, i. 93.

Miller, his Natural History of crinoidea, i. 417, 419, 426, 428, 432, 436.

Milliola, vast numbers in strata near Paris, i. 385.

Minerals, proofs of design in composition and adaptations of, i. 571.

Miocene division of tertiary strata, i. 78; period, mammalia of, i. 90; newly discovered animals in, i. 601.

Mississippi, drifted trees in Delta of, i. 509.

Mitscherlich, his production of artificial crystals by fire, i. 41, 598

Molasse, localities of lignite in, i. 510.

Molusca, many genera of, in transition strata, i. 62.

Mollusks, fossil remains of, i. 295; naked, fossil remains of, i. 303.

Monitors, character of recent species, i. 215; type of, enlarged in fossil saurians, i. 220.

Monpezat, granite enclosed in lava at, ii. 7. [123]

Molecules, successive condition of' in crystalline bodies, i. 574, 576, 577.

Monte Bolca, vast accumulation of fossil fishes at, i. 123; fishes perished suddenly, i. 123; fossil fishes of, i. 266, 284; fishes of, rearranged by Agassiz, i. 285.

Mont Maitre, list of vertebrata found at, i. 85; fishes of, i. 285.

Morton, Dr., mosasaurus found by, in America, i. 216.

Moses, his cosmogony reconcileable with geology, i. 20; object of his account of creation, i. 33.

Mosaic history, in accordance with geology, i. 13.

Mosaic cosmogony, attempts to reconcile with geology, i. 16.

Mosasaurus, great animal of Maestricht, i. 215; allied to monitors, i. 215,217; described by Camper and Cuvier, i. 215; coeval with the cretaceous formation, i. 216; remains of, where found, i.216; length and character of, i. 217; teeth, peculiar character of, i. 218; vertebræ, number of, i. 219; extremities, character of, i. 219; character, predicted by Cuvier, i. 220; a link between the monitors and iguanas, i. 220; habit, aquatic, i. 220.

Moscow, Bulletin Soc. Imp. de, observations on coprolites in, i. 201.

Moschus pygmæus, tendons in back of, i. 226.

Müller, on eyes of insects, &c. i. 397.

Multilocular shells, extinct genera of, i. 315.

Münster, Count, foraminiferes discovered by, in Maestricht stone, ii. 64; his discovery of mammalia at Georgensgemünd, i. 91; pterodactyle described by, i. 224; his figures of horny sheaths of belemnites, i. 375; his collection of crustaceans from Solenhofen, i. 387.

Murchison, Mr., his discovery of fishes in old red sandstone, i. 277; Silurian system established by, i. 527; freshwater limestone in coal formation discovered by, i, 599; remains of fishes found in Ludlow Rock by, i. 604 ; fossil insects and fossil fox found by, i. 610; freshwater formation at Œningen described by, 610; fishes, &c. found in Wolverhampton coal field by, ii. 43.

Myliobates, fossil palates of, i. 291.

Nacre, causes of preservation of, i. 376. Natural religion, addition to its evidences by geology, i. 14; links in evidences of supplied by geology, i. 586.

Nautilus, fossil species peculiar to certain formations, i. 311; description of, i. 320; mechanical contrivances in, i. 314; Mr. Owen's memoir on, i. 314; chambers, act as floats, i. 317; siphuncle, its functions and mode of action, i. 318, 321, 325; siphuncle, calcareous sheath of, i. 327; siphuncle, substance of, i. 328; use of air chambers, i. 321; contrivances to strengthen the shell, i. 323-325; number of transverse plates, i. 325; action of pericardial fluid, i. 326-329; like that of water in the water balloon, i. 327; its manner of floating, rising, sinking, and moving at the bottom, i. 329-331 ; opinions of Hook and Parkinson concerning, i. 331 ; the author's theory, i. 331 ; theory of its manner of rising and sinking in the sea, i. 606; form of shell adapted to its retrograde movements, i. 608; its locomotive organ at the bottom of the sea, i. 608.

Nautilus sypho, intermediate character of, i. 357-361.

Nautilus zic zac, intermediate character of, i. 357-361.

Nebular hypothesis, consistent with geological phenomena, i. 40.

Nelson, Lieut., on strata formed by the wind in the Bermudas, i. 127.

Newcastle, Plants preserved in coal mines at, i. 457.

Newhaven, nodules of iron-stone containing fishes and corprolites at, i. 278.

Newton, his religious views resulting from philosophy, i. 10, 591.

Nichol, Mr., observations on fossil pinus and araucaria, i. 485, 486, 488.

Nöggerath, Professor, chronometer in fossil wood, observed by, i. 509.

Norfolk, remains in crag formation of, i. 93; fishes in crag of, i. 286.

Norland House,Artesian well at, i. 563.

North Cliff, bones in freshwater forma tion at, i. 93.

Nummulites, their extent and number, i. 382, 383; functions and structure, i. 384; influence on stratification, i. 383.

Oberau, granite overlying cretaceous rocks at, ii. 5. [124]

Odier, M., his discovery of chitine, or elytrine, in wings of insects, i. 411.

Oeland, orthoceratites in limestone of, i. 364; lituite found in the same, i. 365.

Oeningen, Plants of, 510, et seq.; fossil fishes of, i, 266, 285; description of fossil Plants at, by Professor Braun, i. 511-514; Plants in brown coal formation at, i. 510; fossil salamander of, i. .514.

Ogyges, i. 391.

Onchus, i. 289.

Opal from Bilin, and other Places, contains infusoria, i. 612.

Opossum, remains of, in secondary and tertiary strata, i. 72; bones of, in oolite at Stonesfield, i. 250.

Organic remains, best summaries of, i. 38; argument from absence of, i 53; general history of, i. 106; afford evidence of design, i. 107; important inferences from, i. 109; study of, indispensable to geology, i. 111; successive stages of deposition, i. 113; best groundwork of' geological divisions, i. 113 ; supply deficient links in the existing animal kingdom, i. 114.

Orodus, i. 288.

Ornithichnites, in new red sandstone of Connecticut, ii. 39.

Ornithorhynchus, sternal apparatus like that of ichthyosaurus, i. 181, 185; Mr. R. Owen's papers on, i. 181.

Orthoceratite, character and extent of i. 363.

Osseus breccia, in fisures of limestone, i.94.

Osler, Mr., on proboscis of buccinum, i. 298.

Owen, Mr., on peculiarities of marsupialia, i. 73; on comparative organization of ornithorhynchus and reptiles. i. 181: on bones of land tortoises, i. 235; on nautilus l)Oiflpilius, i. 315, 322, 328, 329, 332.

Pachydermata, existing genera of, in Pliocene strata, i. 92.

Pain, aggregate of, diminished by the agency of carnivora, i, 129.

Palæotherium, remains of in Calcaire Grossier, i. 80; character and place of, i. 81.

Paley, his notice of spiral intestine of shark, i. 196; defect arising from his want of knowledge in geology, i. 572; his argument for the unity of the deity, i. 583.

Palms, in brown coal of Germany, i. 509, 512; geological extent of, i. 513, 514, 515 ; number and distribution of existing and fossil species, i. 515; fossil trunks of, i. 515, 516; leaves, localities and species of, i. 517; localities of fossil fruits of, i. 518.

Pampas, megatherium found in, ii. 20. Pandaneæ, character and extent of recent species, i. 503; fossil fruit of, in inferior oolite, i. 504; functions of, 505.

Pandanus, fruit of recent species, i. 504, 505.

Pandanocarpum, in tertiary formation, i. 507.

Pangolin, armed with horny scales, i. 162.

Pander, his description of megatherium, i. 142.

Paradoxus, i. 391.

Paraguay, megatherium found in, i. 161.

Parish,Woodbine, esq., his discovery of megatherium, i. 143, 161.

Parkinson, Mr., his theory respecting chambers of nautilus, i. 331 ; his observations on the lily encrinite, i. 422; his description of the fossil fruits of Sheppey, i. 518.

Parry, Capt., on the long preservation of human footsteps, i. 262.

Patterson, Mr., on artificial crystals of galena, i. 551.

Peat bogs, local formations of, ii. 11.

Pens, recent and fossil of loligo, i. 305, 306; structure of fossil described, i. 308,309.

Pentacrinite, character and habit ot living species, i. 433 ; Briarean, described, i. 434 ; vertebral column of, i. 435; attached to lignite at Lyme, i. 437; side arms, i. 438; stomach, of, i. 439; body, arms, and fingers of, i. 440; number of bones prodigious, 441 ; concluding considerations on, i. 441.

Perfection consists in adaptation of organization to the functions of the species,i. 107.

Pericardial fluid, its mode of action, i. 326, 332.

Perpignan, Artesian wells in basin of, i. 566.

Perranzabulo, village buried by sand flood,i. 127. [125]

Peron, animal of spirula found by, i. 362.

Petavius, his interpretation of Genesis, i. 1, i. 24.

Pines, fossil in coal formation and has, i. 487; peculiarity in structure of, i. 486.

Placoidean, order of fishes, i. 269.

Plesiosaurus, heteroclite character of, i. 202; number and geological extent of species, i. 203; head, compound character of, i. 204; neck, great length of, i. 205; back and tail, i. 207; ribs, peculiar character of, i. 208; skin, Cuvier 's conjecture as to, i. 208; lungs, probable condition of, i. 209; extremities acted as paddles, i. 210; probable habits of animal, i. 211; concluding observations upon, i. 214.

Pliocene, division of tertiary strata, i. 78; animal remains of, i. 92; evidences of history of, i. 93.

Podocarya, fruit of, in inferior oolite, i. 504.

Poikilitic, term proposed for formations connected with the new red sandstone, ii. 38.

Police of nature, i. 300; excessive increase of animals restrained by, i. 133

Polypes, fossil remains of, i. 442; abundance of in warm climates, i. 443; functions of in submarine economy, i. 444; effects in the production of strata, i. 445; concluding observations on, i. 447.

Polypterus, i. 274.

Population, how affected by geological causes, i. 4.

Porphyry, veins and overlying masses of, ii. 5.

Portland, petrified cycadeæ found at, i. 494; subterranean forest in, i. 494.

Portsmouth, Artesian well at, 563.

Prestwich, Mr., on insects from coal formation, i. 405.

Prevost, M. Constant, on erect position of fossil trees at St. Etienne, i. 471

Primary stratified rocks, history of, i. 50, 51.

Productions, natural, vary with the sub-strata, i. 5.

Prout, Dr., his analysis of syphon of an ammonite, i. 352; on the non-eternity of molecular constitution of matter, i. 579; on adaptation of elements to the use of animal and vegetable bodies, i. 579.

Province of geology, i. 1.

Psammodus, i. 288.

Pterodactyle, anomalous character of, i. 221; where found, i. 221 ; Cuvier's description of, i. 223 ; eight species of, i. 223; organs of flight  i. 225; vertebræ, character of, i. 226; peculiar mechanism in neck, i. 226; foot as in lizards, i. 227; toes, number and proportions of bones in, i. 227-231; probable food of, i. 232.

Ptychodus, i. 288.

Purbeck, estuary formations in isle of, i. 120; iguanodon found in isle of', i. 242.

Pützberg, near Bonn, brown coal of, i. 509.

Pusey, Professor, his interpretation of Genesis, i. 1, &c. i. 22-26.

Philpotts, Miss, belemnites with ink bags in collection of, i. 374.

Phillips, Professor, his views of fossil organic remains, i. 61; his illustration of fossil astacids, i. 388 ; his tabular arrangement of ammonites, i. 334.

Pholidophorus, i. 283.

Physical geography, origin of, in geological causes, i. 5.

Pycnodonts, i. 281, 282.

Pycnodus, i. 283.

Pyrenees, granite in chalk formation of, ii. 5.

RADIATA, abound in transition strata, i. 62.

Radiated animals, character of fossil species, i. 414.

Ray, Mr., on usefulness of metals, i. 555.

Rays, fossil, i. 291.

Reason, province of, distinct from that of Revelation, i. 588.

Refrigeration, gradual, of matter of the globe, i. 53.

Reptiles, ages of, i. 166.

Revelation, its object not physical science, i. 15; province of, distinct from that of natural religion, i. 588.

Rhizopodes, new class of animals dis covered by M. Dujardin, ii. 64.

Rhyncholites, fossil beaks, i. 319, 320.

Ripple markings, fossil, i. 260.

Rivers, apparatus for supply of, i. 570; supply and functions of, i. 557, 558.

Robert, M., spirula found by, ii. 63.

Rodentia, in Pliocene strata, i. 92.

Roussillon, Artesian well in, i. 566.

Rumphius, his figure, and observations on living nautilus, i. 314, 331. [126]

Saarbrück, fishes found at, i. 266, 278. Sabrina island, rise and destruction of, ii. 8.

Sacred history, consistency of geological discoveries with, i. 8.

Salado, river, megatherium in bed of, i. 143, 161,

Salamander, fossil at Oeningen, i. 514; from Japan, alive at Leyden, i. 514.

Salt, found in secondary and tertiary strata, i. 71.

Sand, effects of wind in forming strata of, i. 127.

Sapey Brook, concretions in, mistaken for footsteps, i. 261.

Saurians, character in secondary strata, i. 74; sudden death and burial in lias clay, i. 124; fossil history and relations of, i. 165-168; in what formations found, i. 166, 168 ; amphibious, allied to crocodiles, i. 249 ; gigantic terrestrial, i. 234; flying, 221; marine, i. 168, 202.

Scaphite, character and extent of, i. 368.

Schlotheim, his early arrangement of fossil plants, i. 456.

Schmerling, M., bones found by, in caves near Liege, i. 602.

Sciences, geology essential to advancement of, i. 7.

Scorpions, fossil in coal formation, i. 406 ; indicate a warm climate, i. 408 ; fossil, description of, i. 407; eyes and skin, preserved, i. 407, 408; hairs preserved, i. 411.

Scrope, Mr. Poulett, his panoramic views of Auvergne, ii. 8; on ripple marks and tracks of animals in oolitic strata, i. 260; ii. 42.

Sea, early history of, illustrated by fossil eyes, i. 401; crowded with animal life, i. 293.

Secondary strata, history of, i. 67 ; adaptation of to human uses, i. 68; materials of, whence derived, i. 68; nature of materials, i. 69; advantageous disposition of, i. 70.

Secondary formations, leading character of their fossil vegetables, i. 453.

Sedgwick, Professor, on the kind of information to be looked for in the Bible, i. 34, 594; his discovery of fossil fishes, i. 277.

Segregation, theory of veins filled by, i. 551.

Sellow, M., his use of Chinese method of boring wells, i. 568.

Sepiostaire, its analogies to belemnite, i. 378.

Serolis, allied to trilobites, i. 392, 394.

Serpent, fossil, in Auvergne, i. 618.

Serpentine, veins and masses of, ii. 5.

Serpulæ, attached to belemnites, i. 377.

Sharks, antiquity of family of', i. 286; extinct species, numerous, i. 286; fossil teeth of, in 286; fossil spines, or icthyodorulites, i. 287 ; three sub-families of, i. 287 ; teeth in early families obtuse, i. 289; peculiar form of tail, 279.

Sheerness, Artesian well at, i. 563.

Shells, number of in tertiary strata, i. 79; vast accumulation of, in many strata, i. 116; turbinated, formed by animals of higher order than bivalves, i. 296; fossil univalve and bivalve, i. 295, 296; bored by carnivorous trachelipods, i. 299; specific gravity of, i. 302; bivalve, constructed by conchifers, i. 296; proofs of design in fossil chambered, i. 310; conclusions from chambered species, i. 380; foraminated polythalamous, i. 381; microscopic, quantity of, in certain strata, i. 117 ; minute multilocular, i. 382. [127]

Sheppey, fossil emys at, i. 258; fossil crocodile at, i. 258; fishes in London clay at, i. 285; fossil fruits found at, i. 507, 519.

Shrewsbury, freshwater limestone in coal formation near, i. 599.

Sickler, Dr., letter on footsteps at Hessberg, i. 265.

Siebold, Dr., salamander brought from Japan by, i. 514; silicified buprestis in collection of, ii. 78.

Sienite, veins and overlying masses of, ii. 5.

Sigillaria, among the largest and tallest plants of the coal formation, i. 469 stems occasionally found erect, i. 470, 471 ; stem occasionally divided at the summit, i. 472; character arid relations of, i. 472, 473, 474, 618; scars on bark in vertical rows, i. 473; number of species, i. 473.

Silex, secreted by living infusoria, i. 611, 612.

Silistria, sturgeons in the Danube near i. 279.

Silliman, Professor, his interpretation of the word beginning, and of the days of the Mosaic creation, i. 18.

Silurus, spine of, i. 290

Silurian system,  its geological Place, and history of its establishment, in 527; recognition of, on the continent, i. 528; divisions of, ii. 104. [127]

Simia, fossil, in miocene formation, i. 601.

Simorre, fossil Ape found near, i. 601.

Simple minerals, definition of, 571.

Siphuncle, structure and functions of in nautilus, i. 321; arguments from fossil portions of, i. 326-328; conjectures respecting its varied use and action in different shells, i. 608, 609.

Sivatherium, new fossil animal in Sub-Himalayan Hills, i. 600; intermediate character of, i. 600.

Skiddaway island, bones of megatherium found in, i. 143.

Sloth, peculiarities in the structure of living species, no imperfections, i. 141 : adapted to live on trees, i. 142.

Smyth, Capt., experiments on Massey's log and bottles sunk in a deep sea, i. 345.

Soemmering, Professor, pterodactyle described by, i. 223.

Soldani, his collection of fossil shells in Tuscany, i. 7117.

Solenhofen, pterodactyle found at, i. 221, 223: libellulæ and other insects found at, i. 221; fossil fishes of, i. 266; fossil crustaceans from, i. 387.

Species, changes of, indicate changes of climate, i. 116.

Speeton, hamites found at, i. 368.

Spiders, fossil in jurassic and tertiary strata, i. 406.

Spinax acanthius, horny dorsal spine of, i. 290.

Spirula, derived from a sepia, i. 362, 316; ii. 63.

Springs, how supplied by stratified rocks, i. 70; origin and importance of, i. 556, 561; ordinary supply of rivers by, i. 558 ; causes of their production, i. 558; supply from rain water, i. 559, 570; systems of, near Bath, i. 560; produced in Derbyshire, by faults, i. 560; two systems of, originated in faults, i. 560; local causes of irregularities in, 569.

Squaloids, extent of, 287.

Stark, Dr., on changes of colour in fishes, i. 209.

Star fish, number of ossicula in, i. 441. Steam power, prodigious effect of, i. 533; amount of, employed in Cornwall and in England, i. 534., 535.

Stelleridans, geological commencement of, i. 416 ; structure of fossil, similar to that of existing species, i. 416.

Steneosaurus genus established by St. Hilaire, i. 252.

Steinberg, Count, his Flore du Monde primitif, i. 456 ; on cycadeæ and zamites in the coal formation, i. 492; his discovery of fossil scorpions, i. 406.

Stigmaria, form and character of, i. 476, 477 ; dome-shaped trunk, i. 476; internal structure of, i. 477; probable aquatic habit, i, 478.

St. Hilaire, Geoffyoy de, his new genera of fossil crocodilians, i. 252.

St. Ouen, Artesian well at, i. 562.

Stones, none have existed in their present state for ever, i. 572.

Stonesfield, mixture of marine and terrestrial animals in oolite at, i. 121 ; pterodactyle found at, i. 221.; megalosaurus found at, i. 234; scales of testudinata found at, i. 258; castings of marine worms at, i. 260; remains of marsupialia found at, i. 265; rhyncholites found at, i. 319.

Stratified rocks, aggregate thickness of, i. 38.

Straus, on eyes of insects, &c. i. 397.

Sturgeons, functions of living species, i. 279.

Sublimation, theory of veins filled by, i. 551.

Succession, eternal, of species disproved by phenomena of primary rocks, i. 54.

Sumner, Bishop, his records of Creator, i. 33.

Superposition, regular order of in strata, i. 6.

Surturbrand, brown coal of Iceland, i. 509, 510.

Syringodendron, name applied to many species of sigillaria, in 472.

Tankerville, Lady, zamia in conservatory of, i. 494.

Taylor, Mr. R. C., on fossil fuci in Pennsylvania, i. 452.

Taylor, Mr. I. C., on duty of steam engines, i. 532, et seq.; on beneficial disposition of metals, i. 554.

Teleosaurus, genus established by St. Hilaire, i. 252 ; skeleton of, from Whitby, i. 253.

Temperature, changes indicated by fossil vegetables, 453; proofs of gradual diminution of, i. 507.

Tertiary strata, character of, i. 76; character of their fossil vegetables, i. 453.

Testudo græca, recent footsteps of, i 261

Tetragonolepis, fossil species of, i. 124.

Theories, Huttonian and Wernerian, i. 44, 551. [128]

Thompson, Mr., pentacrinus europæus discovered by, i. 432.

Thomas, Mr. R., map and sections of mining district near Redruth, i. 550.

Tiedemann, on bones in star-fish, i. 441.

Tilgate forest, reptiles discovered by Mr. Mantell in, i. 120.

Time, lapse of long periods universally admitted, i. 13; proof of long lapse of, i. 116; proof of lapse of, during deposition of strata, i. 377.

Torpedo, fossil in tertiary strata, i. 291. Torre D'Orlando, fishes perished suddenly at, i. 124.

Tortoises, number of existing families, i. 255; divisions of fossil ditto, i. 256; extent of fossil species, i. 256; marine species from Glans, i. 257; fossil land species, rare, i. 258; foot steps of in Scotland, i. 259; fresh water species, locality of, i. 258.

Tour, supposed of a foreigner through England, i. 1.

Tours, Artesian wells in chalk of, i. 566.

Townsend, Mr., on origin of springs, i. 560.

Trachelipods, two sections of, carnivorous and herbivorous, i. 297; carnivorous, perforate living shells, i. 298; carnivorous rare before the tertiary strata, i. 299; herbivorous, extend through all strata to the present time, i. 299; carnivorous succeeded to functions of extinct carnivorous cephalopods, i. 300, 312.

Trachyte, character and phenomena of, ii. 7.

Trap, various phenomena of, ii. 6.

Transition series, history and extent of, i. 60; strata, character of their fossil vegetables, i. 453.

Transmutation of species, disproved in the case of fishes, i. 294; theory of, opposed by trilobites and animals allied to them, i. 395; associated with development by Lamarck, 585.

Trevelyan, Mr. W.C., his discovery of coprolites near Leith, i. 199.

Tnigonellites, are opercula of ammonites, i. 618.

Trilobites, geographical and geological distribution of, i. 389; genera and species of, i. 391 ; history and structure of, i. 391 ; living animals allied to, i. 392, et seq. ; eyes of, i. 396 ; physiological inferences from fossil eyes, i. 401, et seq.

Tryonix, fossil, localities of, i. 257.

Trygon, fossil in tertiary strata, i. 291. Tucker, his speculation as to possible existences in the interior of the earth, i. 57; his view of the relations of the world to man, i. 99.

Tufa, calcareous, local deposits of, ii. 11.

Turin, bones in museum at, i. 93.

Turrilite, character and extent of, i. 370.

Turtles, fossil, i. 256, 257.

Ulodendron, character of, i. 475.

Unity. geological argument for the unity of the Deity, i. 582, 583, 584.

Val D'Arno, bones in fresh water formation of, i. 93.

Vapour, influence of, in causing elevations of land, i. 43.

Vegetables, study of fossil, important, i. 450; recent sub-marine, divisions of, i. 451 ; fossil sub-marine, divisions of, i. 452 ; terrestrial, geological distributions of, i. 452; remains of, preserved in coal formation, i. 457, 458 ; remains of in transition strata, i. 163, 459 ; genera, most abundant in coal, i. 479;  proportions of families in coal formation, in 480; remains of, in secondary strata, i. 490 ; remains of, in tertiary strata, i. 507; numbers of fossil and recent species, i. 521; characters of during the three great geological epochs, i. 520-522; connection of with physico-theology, i. 523.

Veins, mineral, origin and disposition of, i. 548, 550 ; most frequent in early rocks, i. 549; theories respecting origin of, i. 551; apparatus for production of, i. 570; granitic, intersecting older granite, ii. 4; of sienite, porphyry, serpentine and green-stone, intersecting other rocks, ii, 5; mineral, influence of electro-magnetic action in, ii. 107-109

Vertebrata, represented by fishes in the transition formation, i. 62.

Vision, organs of, in conchifers and radiata, i. 605.

Volcanos, present effect of, i. 47.

Volcanic forces, their effects on the condition of the globe, i. 49.

Volcanic rocks, frequent in tertiary strata, i. 89; of modern formation, ii. 7.

Voltz, M., on mantellia from Luneville, i. 492 ; has discovered opercula of ammomtes, i. 618. [129]

Voltzia, genus of coniferæ in new red sandstone, i. 485.

Watchet, nacre of ammonites preserved in lias at, i. 376.

Water, its rank in geological dynamics, i. 36; supplied to springs by stratified rocks, i. 70; its agency in preserving organic remains, i. 127; circulation of in metallic veins, i. 546; perpetual circulation and functions of, i. 557, 558.

Water-balloon, its action analogous to that of the air chambers in the shell of nautilus, i. 607.

Waters, not created on the third day of Mosaic cosmogony, i. 26; sources of mineral and thermal in faults, i. 569.

Watt, his experiments on crystallization of bodies cooled slowly, i. 41.

Webster, Mr., section prepared by, ii. 2; dirt bed, &c. in Portland discovered by, i. 613; matrix of silicified trees in Portland ascertained by, i. 613; Purbeck series distinguished from Portland oolite by, i. 613; tertiary formations in the I. of Wight discovered by, i. 77.

Weinbohla, sienite, intersecting and overlying chalk at, ii. 5.

Weis, Professor, his account of bones ofmegatherium, i. 160; his belief that the megatherium had armour, i. 111.

Wells, causes of rise of water in, i. 561. Werner, his theory of the formation of stratified rocks, i. .44; of veins, i. 551. Wheatstone, Prof., on crystals produced by electro-chemical action, i. 552; his opinion of the value of Mr. Fox's and M. Becquerel's electro-chemical researches, i. 617.

Whewell, Mr., his view of the nebular hypothesis, i. 40; his report on mineralogy, i. 598.

Whitby, ammonites from, i. 339.

Wieliezka, salt in tertiary formation, i. 72.

Winds, effect in causing undulations during the formation of stone in Portland, i. 495; effect in forming strata in Bermuda and in Cornwall, i. 197. Witham, Mr., his publications on fossil coniferæ, i. 484, 485, 488.

Worm holes, fossil, i. 260.

Yarrell, Mr., on the vision of birds, i. 173.

Zamia pungens, mode of inflorescence, i. 494.

Zamia spiralis, buds on trunk of, i. 500.

Zamia horrida, section of trunk of, i. 497.

Zieten, Mr., his description of fossil pens and ink bags in Wirtemberg, i. 308.

Zoology, study of, indispensable to geology, i. 111.